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Referendum Kurdistan: La corte suprema di Baghdad lo dichiara incostituzionale

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Il Kurdistan non otterrà l’indipendenza dall’Iraq. Da Baghdad arriva infatti la conferma delle impressioni che aleggiavano intorno al referendum curdo del 25 settembre scorso. La corte suprema lo dichiara incostituzionale. Verranno dunque cancellati i risultati della votazione, che avevano sicuramente fornito un verdetto chiarissimo. Il 93% della popolazione curda aveva votato per l’indipendenza da Baghdad.

Il nodo per cui si è arrivati alla bocciatura, da parte del governo centrale,  ruota intorno all’ articolo 1 della Costituzione irachena, la quale sancisce che “lo Stato federale è pienamente sovrano, la cui forma di governo garantisce l’unità dell’Iraq”. La Corte suprema ha poi sottolineato che oltre l’articolo 1 vi è il 109 ad essere contraddetto, dal momento che “impone il mantenimento dell’unità nazionale da parte di tutte le autorità federali”. L’ alto tribunale ha dunque sancito che la carta costituzionale non consente nessuna separazione.

Il 6 novembre scorso la corte aveva già emesso una sentenza su richiesta del governo centrale di Baghdad secondo cui nessuna provincia o regione irachena avrebbe potuto rendersi indipendente. Il 14 novembre era arrivata da Erbil la notizia per cui il governo curdo avrebbe accettato la decisione della corte.

La sentenza era arrivata in seguito al rifiuto, da parte del presidente iracheno Haider Al Abadi, di congelare l’esito del referendum. L’unica condizione sufficiente per riaprire i negoziati con Erbil era l’annullamento dei risultati

L’area geografica interessata è la regione che si trova a nord dell’Iraq, confina con Iran, Turchia e Siria. Il Kurdistan Iracheno fu istituito nel 1991 ma solo dal 2005 assume le attuali caratteristiche da regione autonoma, il suo capoluogo è Erbil.

Dalla data del referendum ad oggi, per il Kurdistan, che tenta di creare un proprio stato dipendente da sempre, le ripercussioni sono state molteplici. Tutti i paesi confinanti si sono opposti all’indipendenza. Turchia e Iran avevano minacciato di chiudere i loro confini e di cancellare gli accordi commerciali e sulla sicurezza con il governo di Erbil.

Il Parlamento di Bagdad aveva chiesto al suo Presidente di bloccare le frontiere tra l’Iraq e la Regione autonoma a partire dalle 6 del pomeriggio di venerdì 29 settembre. Via terra e via cielo. Passa poco più di un giorno e il sito ufficiale dell’aeroporto di Erbil comunica che; “La no flight zone durerà sino al prossimo 29 dicembre”.

Un altro motivo di discussione tra Baghdad ed Erbil è sicuramente la contesa, per via delle sue ampie riserve di petrolio, del territorio della provincia di Kirkurk. La sicurezza di questa zona è garantita  dai peshmerga curdi, ma è il governo di Baghdad che fa le leggi; il suo governatore è curdo, ma la maggior parte dei funzionari della provincia è araba.

 

Kurdistan Regional Government Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani in Erbil.

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Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani met with German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel in Erbil . The German foreign minister discussed the war against Islamic State (ISIS), military assistance to Peshmerga forces, and German relations with the region.The KRG said in a statement that Gabriel reaffirmed German military and humanitarian assistance for the Kurdistan Region during the meeting with KRG premier Barzani. The statement added that Gabriel also said Germany will try to strengthen bilateral relations in all fields with the Kurdistan Region. He also stated that dialogue and discussion between Baghdad and the Kurdistan Region should take place in order to resolve outstanding issues. According to a defense ministry spokesman, Germany has delivered 70 tons of weapons, including 1,500 rifles, 100 shoulder-fired rockets and three armored vehicles, to the KRG.

Iraq’s Shi’ite ruling coalition opposes Kurds’ independence referendum.

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Iraq’s Shi’ite ruling coalition would oppose Kurdish plans to hold a referendum on independence after the defeat of Islamic State, its president, Ammar al-Hakim, has said. Speaking to Reuters in an interview in Cairo, Hakim advised the Kurds against any unilateral move to annex a disputed oil-rich region which they had gained during the war against the jihadists. Iraq’s majority Shi’ite Arab community is located mainly in the south while the Kurds and the Sunni Arabs live in opposite corners of the north. The centre around Baghdad is mixed. Iraq’s main Kurdish parties announced this month a plan to hold a referendum on independence this year. The Kurds say the expected “yes” outcome will strengthen their hand in talks on self-determination with Baghdad and would not mean automatically declaring independence.

Iraqi FM and new Iranian Ambassador to Baghdad discuss anti-terrorism cooperation

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Iraqi Foreign Minister Ibrahim al-Jafari and new Iranian Ambassador to Baghdad Iraj Masjedi conferred on the two countries’ cooperation in the fight against terrorist groups. During the meeting in Baghdad , Jafari lauded Iran’s assistance and cooperation with Iraq in different sensitive and decisive periods of time. “Iran’s standing beside the Iraqi nation and government in hard times has further expanded the relations between the two countries”, he added. The two high-ranking diplomats also discussed bilateral ties, cooperation in the war on terrorism and the latest developments in the region, specially in Iraq. Masjedi, for his part, underlined the abundant potentials existing in the two neighboring, friendly and brotherly countries in all fields, and expressed the hope that bilateral relations would further develop in all arenas, specially in economic sector. In relevant remarks, Masjedi renewed Iran’s support for the Iraqi government and nation in their ongoing fight against the terrorist groups.

Abadi: Now is not the time for Kurdistan independence referendum.

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Speaking to reporters in Baghdad, Abadi said the time is not ripe for a referendum, with ISIS on the doorstep, running parts of the country. Referring to comments by some Kurdish leaders who claimed holding a referendum does not mean the declaration of independence, Abadi said “Some say we will hold referendum, but we’re not going to implement it. Then what will you have to tell your people if you are to hold referendum and not implement it”. He reiterated Baghdad’s message to Erbil that “we frankly say, it will not be in the interest of the Kurdistan Region to hold a referendum at this time. I, as the prime minister, have to take the interests of my citizens into consideration. In my opinion holding referendum is not in their interest, but will create a set of problems for them. Being in a hurry in this subject is equal to a withdrawal from all the victories that have been achieved in the past”. He gave the short-lived Republic of Mahabad in Iranian Kurdistan which lasted less than a year as an example of a failure in the Kurdish movement in the region. The time was not right for the Republic of Mahabad, leading to its collapse. Abadi’s message to the Kurdistan Region was to not repeat the same experience. Commenting on the controversial flag issue in Kirkuk, Abadi said “Too much attention has been paid to the raising of the Kurdistan flag in Kirkuk. A solution to this subject has to be found. Our words with regards to this matter are clear. According to law, they do not have the right to hoist flags on the governmental buildings. Also, according to law, the Kirkuk governmental institutions are part of Iraq and the Iraqi government raises only the Iraqi flag”. Explaining a suggestion he sent to the Kurdistan Region authorities through a joint Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) delegation who visited Baghdad earlier this month, Abadi said “I suggested to them to take down the flags on the governmental buildings and put them on the political parties’ buildings instead. Then it becomes another subject, which I, as the prime minister, will not get involved in.”On the same question, he pointed out, “I talked to many politicians on the issue of the Kurdistan flag who were against it. But now they have done the job and cannot stand against it, believing that it is political rhetoric”.

 

Foreign minister receives the British state minister for the middle east and African affairs.

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During the meeting, they reviewed the Iraqi-British relations and means to strengthen them to serve the interests of both friendly people, and the war developments against Da’esh terroristic gangs, and the great victories achieved by the Iraqi forces in their war against terrorism, and discussed the developments in the region and the world. The minister expressed Iraq’s thanks and appreciation for the British attitudes which support Iraq in the war against terrorism, and providing aids to the displaced families, training the Iraqi forces, and participating in demining, stressing on the deep relations between Baghdad and London, and the necessity of  making more efforts and coordinate to open more prospects of mutual cooperation. From his side, the British state  minister renewed British support to Iraq in all fields, presenting congratulation for the greet victories and the governmental steps to restore life to the liberated areas.

G7 calls for ‘unity’ of Iraq as Kurds meet to hold independence referendum.

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The G7 group of powerful nations has emphasized its continual support for “unity and territorial integrity” of Iraq, calling on both Baghdad and Erbil to take their military cooperation as a model for a political cooperation after the defeat of ISIS in the country. The statement came out as the top leadership in Kurdistan Region, including President Masoud Barzani and Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani were in a meeting to discuss holding independence referendum in 2017. The international G7 group includes Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and were also joined by the High Representative of the European Union who met in Italy on April 10-11. The Kurdistan Region has already discussed holding the independence referendum with three members of the G7, the US, France, and the United Kingdom, according to a senior Kurdish official. “We reassert our continued support for the independence, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Iraq”, the G7 statement said.

Only 25 are Kurds out of 1,000 employed by Baghdad in Kirkuk oil fields.

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Erbil: Of the nearly 1,000 people who were recently employed by the Iraqi North Oil Company (NOC) in Kirkuk, only 25 are Kurdish, displaying Baghdad’s increasing opposition to hiring technicians with Kurdish backgrounds, according to NOC manager Yousif Shwani, a Kurd. “We have been trying for some time now to increase Kurdish share of the employments, but Baghdad is making the decisions unilaterally and has not been responsive”, Shwani said. According to Shwani, the NOC management which is based in Kirkuk has little influence over the employment process as the Iraqi central government is the main provider of salaries for over 12,000 employees that currently work for the company.

TITLE: PUK-KDP delegation met with Head of the Shia National Iraqi Alliance: a referendum doesn't directly mean Independence

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The joint delegation met with Head of the Shia National Iraqi Alliance, Ammar al-Hakim, in Baghdad during a visit to the capital to meet Iraqi officials. Following the meeting, a delegation member, Adnan Mufti, told reporters that the delegation had discussed several issues between Baghdad and the Kurdistan Region with the Shia National Iraqi Alliance, and commented on talk around a possible upcoming referendum regarding the independence of Kurdistan. “A referendum doesn’t directly mean independence. It is the Kurdish will to express an opinion about it”, Mufti said. “We want to discuss with Iraq to resolve the issues and the ways are open. We think our meetings were positive and we will continue”, he added. A leader of the Shia National Iraqi Alliance, Ali Alaq, said they aren’t against the Kurdistan Region and they listened to views around activating Article 140 of the Iraq Constitution in order to maintain security in Kirkuk and other areas. The delegation visited Baghdad to meet with Iraqi President Fuad Masum, Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi and Parliament Speaker Salim alJabouri and other leaders to resolve issues between both sides as well as issues that have cropped up due to recent developments in Kirkuk.

Five suicide bombers kill at least 22 in Iraqi city of Tikrit.

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Islamic militants unleashed multiple suicide attacks in the city of Tikrit, north of Baghdad, killing at least 22 people, a provincial official said on Wednesday. Five suicide bombers on foot targeted a police patrol and broke into a police officer’s house in Tikrit’s al-Zihoor neighborhood, according to a Salahuddin provincial council member, Ahmed al-Karim. No group immediately claimed responsibility for the bombings but Islamic State militants have carried out scores of similar attacks to detract from the fighting in Mosul, Iraq’s second-largest city. The Sunni extremist group frequently targets Iraqi security forces and civilians in urban areas.Iraqi forces drove out ISIS militants from Tikrit in April 2015. Since then, IS militants have launched a number of big attacks in and around Tikrit, located about 80 miles (130 kilometers) north of Baghdad.

 

 

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