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Francesco Rocca (Croce Rossa): Continua il massacro nel Mar Mediterraneo, non possiamo rimanere in silenzio

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Durante lo scorso fine settimana sono due gli eventi tragici che si sono consumati in mare. Alle 2 di notte un motoscafo su cui viaggiavano i migranti ha avuto un’avaria ed è affondato vicino all’isola di Kekova Geykova, nel golfo di Antalya al largo della Turchia. La guardia costiera turca è riuscita a trarre in salvo tre uomini e una donna, una quinta persona è stata salvata da un peschereccio mentre un’altra è dispersa. Nella tratta verso l’isola greca di Kastellorizo, hanno perso la vita sei bambini, due uomini e una donna. Nel frattempo, a queste vittime si sono aggiunti i cadaveri ripescati al largo della costa orientale della Turchia, dove una barca con 180 persone a bordo si è capovolta e almeno 112 persone sono annegate poiché l’imbarcazione era lunga circa nove metri e non poteva contenere più di 70 persone. Queste vittime si aggiungono a molte altre. Solo nei primi 4 mesi del 2018 hanno perso la vita 619 migranti e il numero continua ad aumentare. Alla mattina del 7 maggio, il numero totale di migranti arrivati in Italia ha subito un calo di circa il 76 per cento rispetto agli arrivi dello stesso periodo dell’anno scorso ma, nonostante il numero assoluto delle morti in mare sia diminuito, rispetto al numero degli arrivi la percentuale dei dispersi è in aumento: dal 2,5% del 2017 al 4% del 2018. Questi numeri fanno si che il mediterraneo, soprattutto per quanto riguarda il mediterraneo centrale, ha le rotte migratorie più mortali e pericolose al mondo.

Francesco Rocca, presidente della Croce Rossa Italiana e della Federazione Internazionale delle Società di Croce Rossa e Mezzaluna Rossa (IFRC), ha dichiarato: “Durante lo scorso fine settimana in poche ore, oltre 110 persone sono morte nel Mar Mediterraneo, al largo delle coste della Tunisia e della Turchia. Non possiamo rimanere in silenzio quando il massacro in mare continua. Mentre apprezziamo tutti gli sforzi finora compiuti dalle Nazioni Unite a New York durante i negoziati ancora in corso per il Global Compact per la migrazione, la situazione sul campo non sta cambiando. Al contrario, sta peggiorando. Qualsiasi decisione politica che metta a rischio vite umane è inaccettabile. C’è un bisogno urgente di risposte internazionali per proteggere le vite e la dignità umana delle persone che migrano“.

Il 19 settembre 2016, i leader mondiali hanno adottato la “Dichiarazione di New York” con l’obiettivo di gettare le basi per affrontare insieme la crisi migratoria, è una dichiarazione politica che tiene conto dell’agenda 2030 e mira alla crescita inclusiva dei migranti. Con questa ci si impegna per la prevenzione e la lotta contro la Xenofobia e si sottolinea che la discriminazione dei migranti è un’offesa ai diritti umani. La prima fase del processo di negoziazione è iniziata ad aprile del 2017 e si è conclusa in Messico agli inizi di dicembre con la raccolta di tutti i pareri e i suggerimenti dei vari governi, ad eccezioni degli Stati Uniti che hanno abbandonato i lavori preferendo gestire in maniera unilaterale la questione migratoria. Questa settimana gli Stati membri delle Nazioni Unite si incontreranno a New York per il “quinto round” di negoziati sul Global Compact per la Migrazione e, in questo contesto, le priorità dell’Organizzazione Internazionale per le Migrazioni (IOM) sono le seguenti: proteggere tutti i migranti in ogni fase del loro viaggio dalla violenza, dagli abusi e da altre violazioni dei loro diritti fondamentali; garantire ai migranti, a prescindere dal loro status giuridico, l’effettivo accesso ai servizi di base essenziali; dare priorità ai diritti e alle esigenze dei bambini migranti in quanto vulnerabili; garantire che le leggi, le politiche, le procedure e le pratiche nazionali siano conformi agli obblighi esistenti dettati dal diritto internazionale e rispondere alle esigenze di protezione e assistenza dei migranti.

Occorre ricordare che queste persone si muovono per vari motivi: guerra, povertà, cambiamenti climatici (si pensi alle recenti alluvioni in Somalia) o persecuzioni (per razza, religione, nazionalità, opinione politica o appartenenza a un gruppo sociale) subendo esperienze atroci come la tortura, lo stupro o le mutilazioni genitali (solo per citarne qualcuna). Occorre ricordare che si muovono con la speranza di avere una speranza per il futuro e che in molti percorrono mezzo continente solamente per poter salire su imbarcazioni precarie dirette verso l’Europa. Occorre ricordare perché molti di questi migranti, se arrivano, finiscono in scenari come quello di Gioia Tauro mentre qualcuno gli dice che “la pacchia è finita”. Occorre ricordare perché non possiamo rimanere in silenzio.

Migrant detention centres get human rights training from IOM.

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IOM (International Organisation for Migration) more involved in migrants life condition in Libya, after allegations of violences and bad living standards in migration detention centres. For the first time in three years, IOM has held training sessions inside some of Libya’s migrant detention centres on the of migrants’ human rights. In its initial pilot project, funded by the UK, the IOM has focussed on five places: three in Tripoli (Abu Sleem, Triq Al-Sikka and Airport Road), and at Khoms and Gharyan. Typical issues faced were language barriers, difficulties in dealing with health cases and helping those with mental health issues. Topics also discussed in the training sessions included disease prevention, identifying vulnerable cases and freedom of religion.With this kind of program, IOM, try to improve migrants global living conditions.

Displaced Iraqis want return; Kurdish ministry not sure they will.

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More than 1.2 million people from the Nineveh province have been displaced. The displaced want to return home, according to an international organization; however, a Kurdish minister largely doesn’t expect the displaced to return home after the defeat of the extremist group. “In the long term, 98% of IDPs [from Nineveh] are determined to return to their location of origin, and the low percentage of those willing to locally integrate (2%) is mostly of families who have no other choice because they were evicted from their last location of displacement”, reads a report from the International Organization for Migration (IOM)-Iraq Mission. The report was published on the eve of the Migration and Displacement in Iraq conference at University of Kurdistan Hewler held on Wednesday. Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Interior Minister Karim Sinjari, who addressed attendees at the event, said the KRG doesn’t expect the 1.3 million IDPs now in Kurdistan to return to their places in big numbers after the defeat of ISIS.

 

IOM: African migrants sold in modern-day slave markets in Libya

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The UN International Organization of Migration (IOM), has revealed that west African illegal migrants are being traded in open slave markets in Libya. Libya is the main way for migrants to reach Europe, since the closure of Turkey-Greek border. For a large part of them, they have no identity document and no money. This situation has created the emergence of human traffic in the country. The captives are made to work with no remuneration and meager meals and the captives’ families are often called and threatened for a ransom of around 300,000 west African francs, or US$472. In some cases, migrants are put in illegal prisons, and/or killed by smugglers

FM Sharaf Abdullah meets Representative of the International Organization for Migration official in Yemen

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During the meeting between Foreign Minister Hisham Sharaf Abdullah and the Resident Representative of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Laurent De Boeck , the two discussed the war crimes committed by the saudi aggression warplanes in targeting Somali refugees and immigrants off Hodeida coast. The Minister condemned the war crime as a violation of the international humanitarian laws and stressed that the National Salvation Government is providing health care to the Somali injured survivors. In fine the IOM expressed appreciation to the support provided by the National Salvation Government to the organization.

Majority of migrants want to stay in Libya

Most migrants in Libya want to remain in the country and do not intend to head for Europe. The revelation came in the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) latest Libya Displacement Tracking Matrix Flow Monitoring Analytical report. Libya remains the main country of intended destination for 56 percent of all 1,946 migrants surveyed, with 17 percent destined for Italy, 7 percent to Germany and 5 percent to France, the report says. The report says 81 to 83 percent of migrants from Egypt, Chad and Sudan surveyed intended to stay in Libya. Only 16 percent of Nigerian migrants intended to stay in Libya while 43 percent intended to travel to Italy, 12 percent to Italy, 12 percent to Germany and the remaining 29 percent to a variety of other countries. The demographic age of migrants surveyed were in their twenties, averaging of 29 and 98 percent were male. Most were from the countries bordering Libya: Niger, Egypt and Sudan. Nigerians were the fourth most represented group making up 10 percent of those surveyed. Economic reasons were given by 88 percent of all respondents as the main factors driving them to leave their countries of origin as well as the main reason determining migrants’ choice of destination. Seventy-four present of respondents said that they had spent over 6 months in Libya.

IOM repatriates 167 Nigerien migrants from southern Libya

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The International Organization for Migration (IOM) announced yesterday that it had assisted 167 stranded Nigerien migrants including 48 women, 40 children and 79 men, to return home to Niger from southern Libya on 1 November. The IOM charter flight was coordinated in close cooperation with the Libyan authorities, the Nigerien embassy in Tripoli, its consulate in Sabha, the Libyan Red Crescent in Sabha and IOM Niger. The flight departed from Taminhint airport, 30 kilometres from Sabha and 750 kilometres south of the capital Libyan Tripoli, and arrived in Niamey airport in Niger the same evening, the IOM said. The IOM said that it had interviewed the migrants before they departed and provided health checks to ensure that they were fit to travel.

Libya: among possible agreement and endless immigration emergency

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As agreed in Switzerland, factions will seek a political solution to national unity by September. Continue the migration emergency: for IOM, the Sicilian Channel is the most dangerous route in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Rapprochement in Geneva between different Libyan factions, including Tripoli government. In negotiations chaired by UN delegate Bernardino Leon, parties has unanimously declared to search a political solution of national unity within late August and early September. There is still no formal agreement, then. But, after July agreement reached in Algeria, now the Libyan National Congress could do its role. Although the greatest obstacle will be finding a meeting point between Misurata troops and General Haftar army.

Meanwhile, just two days ago, Prime Minister Abdullah al Thinni had announced his resignation at a Libyan TV. But, a few hours later, a spokesperson has denied the report.

There is, however, no time to lose in negotiations. In addition to the internal fight against Daesh, migration route to the Italian coast is hot. Over 2000 arrivals between Sicily and Calabria in the last three days. On 10 August, vessel Fiorillo of Italian Coast Guard was able to save at least 400 people. As well as more than 150 from Fenice of Italian Navy . Or the 450 migrants arrived at Augusta. And just as there have been many arrests of smugglers from the Italian authorities. The inhuman conditions and deaths at sea are a constant.

Number of deaths which is increasing compared to over 2,000 in early August, certified by the IOM. Compared to the Greek route, “the majority of migrants have lost their lives in the Sicilian Channel, along the central route of the Mediterranean linking Libya to Italy, “says the International Organization for Migration.

Strait of Sicily route is “disproportionately more dangerous than the other. Although Italy and Greece are both hit by migration flows very significant (approximately 97,000 and 90,500 respectively), mortality rates are very different: they were about 1,930 migrants died trying to reach Italy, as were about 60 migrants died en route to Greece. ”

“Despite these tragedies, the IOM recognizes the extraordinary efforts of the naval forces in the Mediterranean, which continue to save lives every day. The number of deaths has decreased significantly in recent months and this is largely due to the strengthening of the operation Triton: the Mediterranean is now patrolled by a larger number of vessels that can push up to where there are requests for help ” .

“They are almost 188,000 migrants rescued in the Mediterranean so far and IOM strongly supports the continuation of these activities. The organization believes that the number of migrants arriving in the coming months and that will increase the threshold of 200,000 will be reached very soon, ” the IOM statement ended.
Giacomo Pratali

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Immigration: 150,000 arrivals in 2015

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Italy has received 7,000 migrants more than 2014. Greece 76,000. Despite Frontex operation, number of deaths in the Mediterranean has risen to 1,900. The Iom report helps us to understand this crisis.

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More than 700 immigrants landed on the Sicily shores weekend are just the latest wake-up call to a crisis for Italy and Greece. The figures released by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), in cooperation with the Italian Ministry of the Interior, certify a tragic exodus which will grow in the coming months.

The arrival in Europe of 150,000 migrants is a substantial number, but cannot be described as “an invasion,” considering that Europe is home to over 500 million people, according to Soda. “Lebanon, a country of 4 million people, is hosting 1.5 million Syrian refugees and Turkey is hosting about 2 million”, Oim report said.

According to the survey, migrants arrived in Europe by sea in 2015 are more than 150,000: 74,000 and in Italy (around 7000 more than a year) and almost 76000 in Greece (six times more than 2014). “Over 1,900 migrants have lost their lives in the Mediterranean so far this year, over twice the number during the same period in 2014. But the number of fatalities has started to decrease since May. This is probably due to the large presence of European Union (EU) / Frontex ships in international waters. The enhancement of the EU’s Operation Triton has enabled maritime forces to save more migrants lives in the Channel of Sicily. For Italy, the main countries of origin during the first half of 2015 were: Eritrea (18,676), Nigeria (7,897), Somalia (6,334), Syria (4,271), Gambia (3,593), and Sudan (3,589). These nationalities were also among the top 10 at this time last year. ”, Oim underlined.

Beyond Italy, the dinamic routes explaine the exponential growth of the immigration, especially Syrians and Iraqis, in Greece Islands: “One major difference has been a significant drop in the number of Syrian nationals arriving in Italy. (There were about 12,000 during the same period in 2014.) Syrians are now primarily using the Eastern Mediterranean route through Turkey and Greece. An estimated 22,582 Syrian nationals reached Greece between January and May 2015”.

Resuming on the Italian istance, Federico Soda, Director of the IOM Coordination Office for the Mediterranean in Rome, confirmed that immigration is an European issue: “Italy is affected by mixed migration flows, which require different operational responses. The country is experiencing the arrival of not only a significant number of asylum-seekers, but also a large proportion of job-seeking migrants. Irrespective of nationality, both types must be individually screened to determine their status. The boats transporting men, women, and children attempting to reach Europe also often carry vulnerable people, such as victims of trafficking and violence, unaccompanied children, and pregnant women”, he ended.
Giacomo Pratali

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Giacomo Pratali
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